Culture of rat osteoblast and marrow stromal cell Osteoblastic cell was isolated

longitudinal growth rate, mineralizing surface, mineral apposition rate, Z-VAD-FMK Caspase inhibitor bone formation rate per unit of bone surface, bone volume, and tissue volume, endocortical mineralizing surface, endocortical mineral apposition rate, endocortical bone formation rate per unit of bone surface as previously described. After centrifugation, supernatants were discarded to remove the fibroblast population. The samples were then washed thoroughly with Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium. Primary rat bone marrow stromal cells were collected from marrow of femur in 4-week-old Wistar rats. The medium was changed every to remove the non-adherent hematopoietic cells. All cells used for the experiments have been through three passages. The current study found that GC treatment decreased bone formation by inhibiting osteoblast activity and marrow production of BMP-2 and BMP-7, increased marrow adipocytes with elevated PPARc expression that promoted bone marrow stromal cell differentiation into adipocytes. Since osteoblasts and adipocytes share common bone stromal progenitors, GC treatment stimulate Regorafenib|BAY 73-4506 VEGFR/PDGFR inhibitor the differentiation of marrow stromal cells to adipocytes thereby, reducing the pool of local progenitor cells to differentiate into osteoblasts,